Theory paper developing a "multilevel model" for ambidexterity based on a (valuable) review of the concepts in contemporaneous literature. Reviews definitions of ambidexterity from 20 previous papers.

Eight research-based "propositions" relating variables to ambidexterity and ambidexterity to performance. Including how highly-connected the unit is in its network, the diversity of its network,  behavioural context (Gibson & Birkinshaw, 2004), top management team (Smith & Tushman, 2005; Lubatkin et al, 2006), dynamism (Eisenhardt & Bourgeois, 1988) and environmental dynamism (Jansen et al, 2005, 2006), complexity and environmental complexity.